I-Gallic acid iyi-phenolic acid noma i-bioactive compound etholakala ezitshalweni.Inezici ze-antioxidant futhi ingase inikeze ezinye izinzuzo zezempilo.
Osokhemikhali bayazi futhi basebenzisa i-gallic acid amakhulu eminyaka.Naphezu kwalokhu, muva nje sekuyinkambiso evamile emhlabeni wokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Lesi sihloko sichaza konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana ne-gallic acid, okuhlanganisa izinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi, nokuthi ungayithola kuphi.
I-Gallic acid (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) iyi-antioxidant ne-phenolic acid etholakala ngamanani ahlukahlukene ezitshalweni eziningi (1).
Kusukela ngekhulu le-12 kuya kwele-19 yayisetshenziswa njengesithako esiyinhloko kuyinki wenyongo yensimbi, uyinki wokubhala ojwayelekile waseYurophu.Namuhla, izinzuzo zayo zezempilo ezingase zibe khona ziqashelwa ngokwandayo.
Umzimba wakho uwuthola ekudleni okuthile kwezitshalo.Nakuba eminye imithombo yezindaba ibonisa ukuthi i-gallic acid iyatholakala futhi njengesengezo, ibonakala ithengiswa ngendlela esetshenziselwa izinjongo zamakhemikhali.
Qaphela ukuthi ucwaningo oluningi olukhona nge-gallic acid lwenziwe kumashubhu okuhlola nasezilwaneni.Ngakho-ke, abukho ubufakazi obanele bokunquma izincomo zomthamo ocacile, imiphumela emibi, ukusetshenziswa okufanele, kanye nokukhathazeka kokuphepha kwabantu kwale nhlanganisela (2).
I-Gallic acid itholakala ngokwemvelo ezitshalweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi amagxolo e-oki kanye nenhlaka yempepho yase-Afrika.
Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okuvamile okuqukethe le nto.Eminye yemithombo yokudla engcono kakhulu ye-gallic acid ihlanganisa (3, 4):
I-Gallic acid iyinhlanganisela ye-antioxidant ne-phenolic etholakala ezitshalweni eziningi.Imithombo emihle ihlanganisa ukudla okunjengamantongomane, amajikijolo nezinye izithelo okungenzeka sezifakiwe ekudleni kwakho.
Nakuba ucwaningo olwengeziwe ludingeka ukuze kutholakale izinzuzo zezempilo ezingase zibe khona ze-gallic acid, ucwaningo lwamanje lubonisa ukuthi ingase ibe ne-antibacterial, anti-obesity kanye ne-antioxidant izakhiwo ezingase zithuthukise umdlavuza nempilo yobuchopho.
I-Gallic acid ingasiza ekulawuleni amasosha akho omzimba futhi isebenze njengendlela yokuzivikela yemvelo ngokumelene nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (5).
Ucwaningo lwakha ukwelashwa okulwa namagciwane okuthuthukisiwe okuthuthukisiwe ngokudalula i-gallic acid ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (UV-C).Ilanga likhipha ukukhanya okungabonakali kwe-ultraviolet, okuvame ukusetshenziswa njengesibulala-magciwane (6).
Ngenxa yalokho, umsebenzi we-antimicrobial ubalulekile.Eqinisweni, ababhali basikisela ukuthi i-gallic acid evezwe ku-UV-C inamandla okuba i-ejenti entsha ye-antimicrobial ezinhlelweni zokudla (6).
Ukwengeza, ucwaningo lwaselabhorethri lwathola ukuthi i-gallic acid inganweba impilo yeshalofu yama-truffle amnyama amasha.Lokhu ikwenza ngokulwa nokungcolisa amagciwane okubizwa nge-Pseudomonas (7).
Kokubili ucwaningo oludala nolusha lubonise ukuthi i-gallic acid ingalwa nezinye izifo ezitholakala ekudleni ezifana ne-Campylobacter, E. coli, i-Listeria monocytogenes ne-Staphylococcus aureus, kanye nama-bacteria atholakala emlonyeni okuthiwa i-Streptococcus mutans bacteria (8, 9, 10).).
Kwesinye isibuyekezo, abacwaningi bahlola umsebenzi wokulwa nokukhuluphala we-gallic acid.Ikakhulukazi, ivikela ukuvuvukala kanye nengcindezi ye-oxidative, engenzeka kubantu abakhuluphele (12).
Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-gallic acid inciphisa ukunqwabelana kwamafutha ngokweqile kubantu abakhuluphele ngokuvimbela i-lipogenesis.I-Lipogenesis inqubo lapho izinhlanganisela ezinjengoshukela zihlanganiswa zibe amafutha emzimbeni (12).
Ocwaningweni lwangaphambilini, abantu abadala baseJapan abakhuluphele ngokweqile bathathe inkomishi yetiye elimnyama laseShayina eline-gallic enothe ngethamo lansuku zonke lama-333 mg amasonto ayi-12.Ukwelashwa kwehlise kakhulu ukuzungeza okhalweni, inkomba yesisindo somzimba, namafutha esisu (13).
Nokho, ezinye izifundo zabantu zibonise imiphumela exubile kulesi sihloko.Ezinye izifundo ezindala nezintsha azitholanga nzuzo, kanti ezinye ziphakamisa ukuthi i-gallic acid ingase ithuthukise izindlela ezithile ezihlobene nokukhuluphala kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila (14,15,16,17).
Sekukonke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ngezinzuzo ezingaba khona ze-gallic acid ekukhuluphaleni kanye nezinkinga zempilo ezihlobene.
I-Gallic acid iyi-antioxidant enamandla.Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusiza ukulwa nengcindezi ye-oxidative, engalimaza amaseli ngenye indlela futhi iholele ezifweni ezingapheli (18, 19, 20).
Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi izakhiwo ze-gallic acid's antioxidant zingase zibe ngaphansi kwezinzuzo zayo zokulwa nomdlavuza kanye nemiphumela ye-neuroprotective, okusho ukuthi ikhono layo lokuvikela ukwakheka nokusebenza kobuchopho (11, 21, 22).
Ucwaningo lwaselabhorethri luye lwabonisa ukuthi nakuba ikhasi likamango linezici zalo zokulwa nomdlavuza, i-gallic acid equkethe inomsebenzi ovimbela ukwanda.Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-gallic acid inekhono eliyingqayizivele lokuvimbela ukukhula nokusabalala kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza (23).
Olunye ucwaningo lwaselabhorethri lubeke ungqimba lwe-gallic acid ebusweni be-gamma-AlOOH nanoparticles, noma izinhlayiya zamaminerali aqukethe i-aluminium enezici ze-antioxidant.Lokhu kutholwe ukwandisa umthamo we-antioxidant we-nanoparticles (24).
Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-gallic acid ingavimbela ukwehla ekusebenzeni kobuchopho ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokulimala kwe-oxidative.Kungase futhi kusize ekuvimbeleni unhlangothi (25, 26).
Olunye ucwaningo lwezilwane luze lubonise ukuthi i-gallic acid ingaba nomthelela ovikelayo enkumbulweni ngemva kokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu.Lokhu kungenzeka kungenxa yemisebenzi yayo elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-anti-inflammatory (27).
Imiphumela ye-neuroprotective ye-gallic acid iye yabonwa nasezifundweni zezilwane.Lolu cwaningo lubheke izinto ezithile okucatshangwa ukuthi zivimbela i-neurodegeneration yobuchopho kubantu abanesifo sikashukela (28).
Naphezu kwale miphumela ethembisayo, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lwabantu luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe kangcono ukuthi izakhiwo ze-gallic acid ze-antioxidant zingayizuzisa kanjani impilo yomuntu.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-gallic acid ine-antioxidant enamandla, izakhiwo ezilwa namagciwane futhi isiza ngisho nokulwa nokukhuluphala.Nokho, ucwaningo oluningi lwenziwa kumashubhu okuhlola nasezilwaneni, ngakho izifundo zabantu ziyadingeka.
I-Gallic acid isetshenziswa kangcono emithonjeni yokudla yemvelo, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukuntuleka kwezithako ezigunyazwe nezifundwe kahle emakethe.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olulodwa lwezilwane oseluphelelwe yisikhathi lwaphetha ngokuthi i-oral gallic acid ayinabo ubuthi kumithamo efika ku-2.3 amagremu ngephawundi lesisindo somzimba (amagremu angu-5 ngekhilogremu) (29).
Olunye ucwaningo lwezilwane lwathola ukuthi i-gallic acid enikezwe amagundane ngethamo lika-0.4 mg ngephawundi ngalinye lesisindo somzimba (0.9 g ngekhilogremu) nsuku zonke izinsuku ezingama-28 ayizange ibonise ubufakazi bobuthi kumagundane (30).
Okubi kakhulu ku-gallic acid ukuntuleka kwezifundo zabantu kanye nokuntuleka kwezithasiselo ezinezincomo zedosi ezifundwe kahle nezisekelwe ocwaningweni.
I-Gallic acid i-phenolic acid etholakala ezitshalweni, ikakhulukazi izithelo, amantongomane, iwayini netiye.Ine-antioxidant, i-antibacterial kanye nezindawo ezingaba khona zokulwa nokukhuluphala.
Ngenxa yendlela yayo eyisisekelo, ingase ibe usizo ikakhulukazi ezifweni ezinjengomdlavuza nempilo yobuchopho.Ibuye isetshenziswe njengesengezo sokudla ukuvimbela izifo ezitholakala ekudleni.
Nokho, ucwaningo oluningi nge-gallic acid lwenziwe kumashubhu okuhlola nasezilwaneni.Ngakho-ke, akucaci ukuthi izinzuzo zayo ezihlosiwe ziyasebenza nakubantu.
Ukwengeza, nakuba imithombo ethile ibonisa ukuthi i-gallic acid iyatholakala njengesengezo, kubonakala sengathi ithengiswa ngokuyinhloko ngezinhloso zamakhemikhali.
Uma unesithakazelo ezinzuzweni ezingaba khona ze-gallic acid, gxila emithonjeni yokudla yemvelo kuze kube yilapho kwenziwa ucwaningo olwengeziwe mayelana nezithako ze-gallic acid.
Zama lokhu namuhla: Ukwengeza i-gallic acid yemvelo eyengeziwe ekudleni kwakho, mane ungeze izinhlobonhlobo zamantongomane namajikijolo ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke.Ungakwazi futhi ukuphuza inkomishi yetiye eliluhlaza ngesidlo sasekuseni.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-11-2024